The combination of advanced technologies such as sensing, communication, control mechanisms, computation, and transportation systems enhances safety, coordination, and traffic management facilities with real-time information sharing.
The automated and in-vehicle technologies involve automated guideways, precision docking for buses, as well as collision avoidance systems. Such ITS technologies enhance route guidance, reduce unnecessary traveling of miles and congestion time, propel the other mode use, decrease foreign oil dependence, and enhance the air quality.
Moreover, the implementation of the ITS technologies in the system management and vehicle design helps in reducing fuel consumption in numerous ways, such as:
- Providing optimal route planning and timing
- Ease in accelerations and decelerations as well as stop-and-go driving
- Providing Enhanced Appearance to Public Transportation Mode
- Adjusting Vehicle Transmission for Various Road Conditions and Terrain
- Providing Vehicles with Reduced Weight Without Impacting the Occupant’s Safety
Another control system includes variable speed limits. Such systems support reducing the traffic density in congested areas by vastly modifying the road speed limits on the basis of road conditions, weather conditions, and congestion areas.
In addition, the dynamic lanes offer more outbound and inbound lanes relying on traffic flow due to asymmetrical traffic in numerous metropolitan areas.
Intelligent freight transportation utilizes advanced technologies and intelligent decision-making for developing the existing infrastructure efficiently for freight transportation. ITS includes two major elements; intelligence and integration. The intelligence offers knowledge discovery achieved by data access as well as advanced data analysis techniques.
Moreover, intelligent transportation systems concentrate on physical infrastructure, software, and technology for providing traveling across cities efficiently, such as electronic payment systems, electric vehicles, and new travel business models, such as carpooling and car-sharing.
Furthermore, the intelligent transport systems are solutions to the ravaging economic traffic congestion impact that is predicted to penalize the UK eco ’30, which accounts for a 63% rise of the gross cost in 2016. There are numerous intelligent transport systems implemented across cycling and smart parking networks.
Air transportation: The military, aviation system, or civil aeronautics along with traffic management. Smart air vehicles, more specifically the military service is projected to show dominance soon. A drone is such an example of a smart air vehicle. CPS is projected to create a lasting impact on air traffic management and the aviation future.
Therefore, intelligent transportation systems are highly demanded due to reduced congestion time and unnecessary traveling.